基于酶催化与代谢工程策略的稀有人参皂苷高效制备研究进展

Research progress on the efficient preparation of rare ginsenosides based on enzymatic catalysis and metabolic engineering strategies

关键词:  人参皂苷  生物催化  代谢工程  绿色加工

Key words:  ginsenosides  biocatalysis  metabolic engineering  green processing

摘要:

稀有人参皂苷是人参药材及其加工产品体内发挥生物活性的主要物质基础，具有极高的应用价值和 市场前景。由于稀有人参皂苷在天然人参植物中的含量极低，其高效制备策略成为人参研究领域的热点。通过结 合现代生物转化技术与代谢工程方法，利用特定酶系及细胞工厂可实现高效、定向、绿色的稀有人参皂苷制备与合 成。这些方法不仅提高了稀有人参皂苷的储备与化学多样性，还有效解决了传统化学方法中存在的环境友好性和 副产物等问题。因此，该文综述了近年来关于稀有人参皂苷酶催化和代谢工程研究的进展，为打破行业技术壁垒、 推动人参相关产业的高速发展提供参考和理论依据。

Abstract:

Rare ginsenosides are the primary bioactive substances in ginseng and its processed products, possessing significant application value and market potential. However, due to their extremely low natural abundance in ginseng plants, efficient preparation strategies have become a focal point in ginseng research. By integrating modern biotransformation technologies with metabolic engineering approaches, the use of specific enzyme systems and microbial cell factories enables the efficient, targeted, and eco-friendly synthesis of rare ginsenosides. These methods not only enhance the reserves and chemical diversity of rare ginsenosides but also address environmental concerns and byproduct issues associated with traditional chemical methods. This review summarizes recent progress in enzymatic catalysis and metabolic engineering research on rare ginsenosides, providing insights and theoretical foundations to overcome industry technical barriers and promote the rapid development of ginseng-related industries.