针灸治疗溃疡性结肠炎的机制研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of ulcerative colitis

摘要:

溃疡性结肠炎（UC）作为特发性结直肠炎症性肠病（IBD），临床上患者常表现出腹痛、腹泻、黏液脓血 便等症状，其发病机制受遗传、环境、心理、肠道菌群及免疫等多因素交互影响，至今尚未完全明晰。针灸在缓解 UC症状、减少疾病复发以及改善肠道功能方面疗效显著。针灸可以改善脾虚湿盛、湿热蕴结和气滞血瘀的病理状 态，促进肠道气机调畅与气血调和，其作用机制可能与修复损伤的肠上皮结构，改善紧密连接屏障功能，降低肠道 通透性，阻滞炎症信号通路活化，降低炎症因子释放（如核转录因子-κB及其相关通路因子）以及重塑失调肠道菌群 结构，提升有益菌丰度，抑制致病菌增殖，恢复肠道微生态稳态等相关。

Abstract:

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects the colon and rectum. Clinically, it is characterized by symptoms including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody mucoid stools. Its pathogenesis involves the interplay of multiple factors, including genetics, environment, psychology, gut microbiota, and immune responses, and remains not fully elucidated. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in alleviating UC symptoms, reducing disease recurrence, and improving intestinal function. Studies indicate that acupuncture can ameliorate pathological states such as spleen deficiency with excessive dampness, accumulation of damp-heat, and qi stagnation with blood stasis, thereby promoting the smooth flow of intestinal qi and harmonizing qi and blood. The underlying mechanisms may involve repairing the intestinal barrier, reducing the release of inflammatory factors including nuclear factor-kappa B and its related pathway components, and regulating gut microbiota balance.