树突状细胞在过敏性疾病发病中的作用机制和治疗价值

The role of dendritic cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutic value of allergic diseases

摘要:

过敏性疾病是机体免疫系统对环境中某些过敏原的不适当或过度的免疫反应而产生的炎症性疾病， 其发病机制仍有待阐明。树突状细胞（DC）作为免疫系统的重要上游调节因子，在过敏反应的启动和调控中扮演 关键角色，特别是在过敏原的提呈和T细胞免疫反应的诱导过程中。DC在多种过敏性疾病中如过敏性哮喘、特应 性皮炎、食物过敏等均发挥重要作用。许多针对DC的治疗策略，尤其是靶向DC的免疫疗法，均源自于对其功能的 深入研究。该文概述了 DC的生物学特性，探讨了不同 DC亚群在过敏性疾病发病机制中的作用，并总结了以 DC 为中心的治疗进展，为通过靶向DC治疗过敏性疾病提供新策略。

Abstract:

Allergic diseases are inflammatory conditions caused by inappropriate or excessive immune responses to certain environmental allergens. The underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Dendritic cell (DC) play a pivotal role as key upstream factors of allergic reactions, particularly in orchestrating allergen presentation and T cell immune response induction. DC are critically implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse allergic diseases, including allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Many therapeutic strategies targeting DC in allergic diseases have been developed through functional studies. Here, we review the biological characteristics of DC, discuss the roles of distinct DC subsets in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, and highlight the advances in DC-centered therapies, providing new strategies for treating allergic diseases by targeting DC.